General info
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Climate
The growing season (daily mean temperature higher than 5 0C) decreases from more than 200 days in the south to 140-160 days in the north. The precipitation during the growing season varies from more than 750 mm in the western part (west of the South Swedish Highland), to 350-500 mm in the eastern part and less than 400 mm in the northern part. The mean temperature during June-August will be found in the interval 13-16 0C.

Geography
The Swedish soils, formed by the land ice, are relatively young. In the arable land, 7% of the land area, following soils are dominating: in the southern part till clay and sand, in the middle part heavy clay and silt and in the northern part silt and sand.

Horticulture
Most aspects of horticulture exist in Sweden. Fruit and vegetables as well as nursery stock are grown in the open, pot plants, cut flowers, bedding plants, vegetables and herbs are grown under glass. Mushrooms and lawn carpet rolls are also produced.

Most of the glasshouse area is located to the southernmost region of the county. However production for local markets is spread over the entire country especially around urban areas. Fruit, mainly apple, pear and plum, is grown along the east side of the county Scania. Field grown vegetables are mainly produced in the southernmost region of the country but also on the islands ™land and Gotland located in the Baltic Sea. Strawberries for fresh consumption and self picking are grown over the whole country.

Distribution of Horticulture
Most of the glasshouse area is located to the southernmost region of the county. However production for local markets is spread over the entire country especially around urban areas. Fruit, mainly apple, pear and plum, is grown along the east side of the county Scania. Field grown vegetables are mainly produced in the southernmost region of the country but also on the islands ™land and Gotland located in the Baltic Sea. Strawberries for fresh consumption and self picking are grown over the whole country.

Research Thrusts
The major research thrusts are the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries and the Grower organisations. Several private companies, especially food industries and seed producers have scientific programs dealing with horticultural crops.

Nature of Institutes
Horticultural research nowadays is directed to the development of sustainable and cost-effective growing systems based on a better understanding of the use of biological renewable resources. Most of the horticultural research is conducted by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) under the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. SLU is responsible for both basic and applied research which means that there are no research institutes outside the University.

The Swedish Board of Agriculture under the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries directs horticultural research especially within plant protection service.

Organisations / Institutes:
The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Sval”f Weibull Tr„dg†rd AB
University of Lund
University of Uppsala
G”teborg Botanical Garden
Bergius Botanical Garden
The Nordic Gene Bank

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