China

International Society for Horticultural Science

Horticulture Research International

China

Climate
In winter the prevailing north wind is from inland Asia and the south wind in summer is from the Pacific Ocean. The average temperature in winter is 10 °C and 22 °C in summer. The yearly average precipitation ranges from 20 to 6558 mm. The climate in China is diversified: tropical, subtropical and temperate. This is well suited to horticulture all the year round.

Geography
China has a varied topography. The geographic distribution goes from high elevation in the western mountainous areas to the low elevation of the eastern coastal plain areas. The soil type is divided into red and yellow soil in the south, black soil in the northeast and desert in the west.

Horticulture
All aspects of horticulture can be found in China: fruit growing, flower culture, vegetable production under glass and plastic greenhouse and in the open field.

Distribution of Horticulture
Protected vegetable and flower culture is concentrated in north, northeast and northwest China. Apple, pear and citrus are the three main fruit cultures. Fruit is grown up the hills and vegetable growing is practiced in all regions.

Research Thrusts
The major research thrusts are the Ministry of Agriculture, the Provincial Commission of Science and Technology, and the Department or Bureau of Agriculture.

Nature of Institutes
Nowadays, horticultural research is directed to sustainable and cost-effective growing systems, and is primarily conducted by two groups of institutions:
1. Research institutes and research stations under the Ministry of
Agriculture and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
2. Provincial Commission of Science and Technology, and Department or Bureau of Agriculture.

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